Psoriasis is an unusual skin condition that influences the skin cells to multiply a lot faster than usual. It is marked by the development of red, bumpy patches covered in white scales. The condition usually occurs during early adulthood and affects either a small or large area of the body. Here are the symptoms and causes of psoriasis, as well its treatment options, that you must be aware of:

Symptoms

The symptoms of psoriasis are diverse and differ from person to person.

• Tiny, scaly spots on the skin
• Thickened or ridged nails and nail pitting
• Unusual itching, soreness, or burning in affected areas
• Psoriatic arthritis, in which the joints swell and stiffen
• Cracked, dry skin that may itch and bleed

Causes

There isn’t much clarity on what causes the abnormal generation of skin cells. However, based on research, psoriasis tends to be hereditary and can skip generations before affecting a biological member of the family. Some studies suggest that apart from genetics, environmental factors also trigger the condition. Here are some known causes of the condition:

• Strep throat or skin infections
• Extremely dry or cold weather conditions
• Physical, psychological, psychosocial, and psychospiritual stress
• Excessive alcohol consumption
• Cigarette smoking and secondhand smoke
• Skin issues that include cuts or scrapes, bites from bugs, and severe sunburns
• Blood pressure medications, such as beta-blockers

Treatment

There is no cure for the disorder, but there are treatments that can greatly help reduce its symptoms. Some of the common treatment options include:

• Corticosteroids
  These are medications commonly prescribed by doctors to treat mild to moderate psoriasis. They come in the form of ointments, creams, lotions, gels, foams, sprays, and also shampoos.
• Vitamin D analogs
  Vitamin D in synthetic forms, such as calcipotriene and calcitriol, can help slow the growth of the cells responsible for the condition. It can either be had as a standalone medication or can be combined with other topical corticosteroids.
• Coal tar
  Available over the counter and in various forms, coal tar extensively helps reduce scaling, itching, and inflammation associated with psoriasis.

Other treatment options for psoriasis include retinoids, calcineurin inhibitors, salicylic acid, anthralin, and Goeckerman therapy. Remember to always consult a doctor before trying out any treatment method.